Istanbul’s history stretches over thousands of years, marked by the rise and fall of empires. Founded in 660 BC as Byzantium, the city became one of the most significant in the ancient world. In 330 AD, Emperor Constantine declared it the new capital of the Roman Empire, renaming it Constantinople. For over a millennium, it was the heart of the Byzantine Empire, known for its stunning architecture and role as a centre of Christian culture.
In 1453, the city was conquered by the Ottomans under Sultan Mehmed II, marking the end of the Byzantine Empire and the start of a new era. It thrived as the capital of the Ottoman Empire, becoming a hub of trade, culture, and religion. Iconic landmarks like the Topkapi Palace and the Blue Mosque were built during this period.
Istanbul continued to evolve, serving as the capital of the Ottoman Empire until its dissolution after World War I. In 1923, when Turkey became a republic under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the capital was moved to Ankara, but Istanbul remained the country’s cultural and economic hub. Today, Istanbul is a thriving metropolis, blending its past with its modern future and standing as a symbol of Turkey’s rich history and vibrant culture.